Basic Knife Knowledge

All hunters should possess a basic understanding of knives. Knowing about knife designs and materials will enable you to distinguish high performance knives from mediocre knives. A working knowledge of knife care and maintenance will increase the life of your hunting knife and help you avoid accidents when cutting or skinning.

Knives: Design and Materials

Outdoor knives used for hunting activities usually have blades about 4.5 to 5 inches long. Outdoor knives often feature thick blades and serrated edges.

Hunting knives are designed with either fixed blades or folding blades. A full tang fixed blade in which the steel extends all the way through the handle is the strongest and most reliable knife design. Folding blades don't require a sheath for carrying, but their design is inherently weaker than that of fixed blade knives.

The steel used in knife blades is usually an alloy of iron, carbon, and chromium. Nickel is sometimes added, and some blades are made wholly from titanium. Unlike indoor knives, hunting knives often have a higher carbon to chromium ratio. Such knives are more prone to corrosion and are thus higher maintenance, but they also offer better performance and edge retention. S30V, D2, and ATS-34 are some of the best steels for outdoor knives.

Knives: Care and Maintenance

The surest way to prolong the life of your hunting knife is to clean and dry it every time it's used. That means both handle and blade. Finish by lubricating the knife with an oil-moistened cloth.

For maximum safety, keep your knives sharp with a sharpening stone. Dull blades cause accidents. Always cut away from your body.

Knife blades made from wood, bone, ivory, and similar materials should be treated regularly with material-specific products.

A thick leather sheath is best for storing knives when in use. For long-term storage, wrap the knife in a soft cloth and store in a dry, cool area.